The penis is made up of two erectile bodies side by side, the corpora cavernosa and a corpus spongiosum which is located less than two corpora cavernosa, and supports the urethra, which is crossed.
The penile erectile tissue consists of the corpora cavernosa. These are enclosed in a thick fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea. The median two cavernous bodies are joined at the septum intercavernoso. The arterial flow to the penis is guaranteed internal pudendal artery, which is one of the terminal branches of internal iliac artery (or internal iliac artery), which is formed from the aortic bifurcation.
internal pudendal artery, after giving branches of perineal form the penile artery, which then divides into its terminal branches, arteries, dorsal, cavernous and bulbourethral. By the cavernous branches of the arteries in the corpus cavernosum (arteries helicine) form small gaps that form the arterial erectile tissue, also supported by smooth muscle tissue. Very important is also the penile venous system. The shortcomings of the erectile tissue blood flow out venules which then collect in the system of deep dorsal vein, which drains into the pelvis in the periprostatic venous system.
When the penis is flaccid, the arterial flow directed there is minimal, only enough for nutritional purposes. The autonomic nervous system, on a voluntary sexual stimulation, developed in the central nervous system, is utter vasodilatory substances, which cause relaxation of smooth muscles of corpora cavernosa and the arteries. Spoke to a rapid increase
arterial blood flow, resulting in engorgement of blood in the cavernous tissue and penile rigidity. To obtain an erection is effective, a number of complex neurovascular event.
There are four basic requirements for the erection: intact innervation, vasculature (arterial and venous) intact, effective response of the smooth muscle of the corpora cavernosa, the integrity of the endocrine system (which regulates the hormonal balance). In a controlled hormonal environment, various sexual stimuli are processed by the cerebral cortex and are transmitted to the autonomic nervous system along the spinal cord and from there to the periphery, ie the penis. With regard to the venous outflow, until recently it was thought that venous occlusion was the result of a constraint on, modulated by the pelvic muscles or intravenous
chemical receptors.
In short, when the arteries are dilated and the arterial blood flowing at high pressure, the walls of the released holes (or caves) blood of the cavernous tissue are pushed against the tunica albuginea, so that pressure is transmitted to the venules, causing their compression and the consequent reduction in venous outflow, we talk veno-occlusive mechanism so. In all that prostaglandins contribute significantly to the modulation of vascular tone.
Further reading:
psychogenic impotence, neurogenic impotence, impotence causes iatrogenic.
impotence and vascular factors: smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus therefore represent significant risk factors for vascular impotence based
After intercourse, the veins open, and let the blood from the penis .
Hormones and powerlessness: most of the testosterone is produced by the Leydig cells in the testis and a small portion is secreted by the adrenal glands.
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